21. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger(该词为五星级用法) 替换掉 cause(导致)

　　22. cultivate 替代 develop

　　23. the aged / senior citizens 替换 old people(老人)

　　24. adolescents 替换 the young (青少年)

　　25. devote … to sth. 替换 spend …in sth.

　　Eg. He spends all his spare time in reading.

　　→ He devote all his spare time to reading.

　　26. grumble about 替换 complain of (抱怨)

　　They grumble about how hard they have to work.

　　他们抱怨自己工作得很辛苦。

　　27. in the course of 替换 during

　　In the course of the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.

　　28. frown on sth. 替换 be against , disagree with sth. , disapprove of sth.

　 frown这个词的意思是“皱眉”，frown on sth.对什么事情皱眉头，也就是对某事不满，反对某事的意思。

　　29. attend to 替换 look after / take care of

　　30. occasionally / once in while 替换 sometimes

　　31. as a matter of fact 替换 in fact

　　32. demonstrate 替换 show (说明，表明)

　　33. massive 替换 big

　　34. ruin / devastate 替换 destroy

　　35. hazardous 替换 harmful / dangerous

　　hazardous air pollutant 有害的空气污染物

　　36. currently 替换 nowadays

　　37. unique 替换 only

　　38. emerge 替换 appear / occur (出现)

　　39. cautious 替换 careful

　　40. capability 替换 ability

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